野生动物生态学 课程论文

生境破碎化对鸟类生存的影响

摘要：生境破碎化给野生动物带来的不良后果是全球生态学家和保护生物学家共同关心的问题。生境破碎化是一个动态过程,可在多尺度上发生并蕴涵着复杂的空间模式变化。生境破碎化对鸟类的生态学效应主要体现在边缘效应、面积效应和隔离效应等。这些效应影响着鸟类的分布、基因交流、种群动态、扩散行为、种间关系和生活史特征等, 最终影响着鸟类的生存。本文介绍和总结了生境破碎化过程以及生境破碎化对鸟类生存产生的诸多影响。关键词：生境破碎化；面积效应；隔离效应；边缘效应；鸟类生存

Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Survival of Birds

Abstract: The negative effects of habitat fragmentation on wildlife are focused by global ecologists and conservation biologists. Habitat fragmentation is a dynamic process including a wide range of spatial patterns of environments that may occur on many spatial scales. The ecological effects of habitat fragmentation on birds may show edge, isolation and area effects which will affect the distribution, gene flow, population dynamics, dispersal behavior, interspecific relationship and characters of life history of birds, and show an adverse influence on survival of birds finally. In this paper, habitat fragmentation process and its effects on survival of birds were summarized .

Keywords: Habitat fragmentation; Area effect ; Isolation effect; Edge effect;Survival of birds