专题五 介词、介词短语和连词

一、介词和介词短语

介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词或代词(相当于名词的其他词类短语或从句)构成介词短语，才能在句中充当某一个成分。介词短语在句中可充当状语，表语，定语及补语等成分。

How I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden!

Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly－elected president is having a hard time.

二、连词

连词是用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的一种虚词不能独立担任句子成分。

按词义及其句法作用，连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。常见的并列连词有and, but, or, not only...but also, yet, either...or...等。常见的从属连词有when, because, if, though, as if, now that, until, unless等。

I saw Bob play the piano at John's party and on that occasion he was simply brilliant.

Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.

Please follow your supervisor's instructions, or you'll offend him.

一、介词和介词短语

在高考试题中对介词的考查主要集中在常见介词搭配中。如：

1．for为了；因为

I apologised to the teacher for my being late.

For some reason, I refused his invitation.

2．without 没有

He came in without his manager's permission.

I wouldn't have finished the task without your help.

3．by 借助于某种手段

The old man earned his living by selling fruits.

4．over “在正上方(但未接触)；超过”，多表示年龄，距离或跨越一定的高度 You can't wear a blue jacket over that shirt.