初中非谓语动词

一、动词不定式 难点精讲

1.不定式作主语

To see is to believe.

（1）不定式作主语常用it作形式主语，而把真是主语不定式放在谓语之后。

It is not hard for one to do a bit of good. It is useful for you to earn some English.

（2）在形容词，如kind，nice，good，foolish等作表语时不定式前常可加一个of短语，有 对人做某事表示称赞，感激或责备等含义。

It is very kind of you to come.

It is good of you to treat me like that.

2.不定式作宾语

（1）I hope to see him soon.

能以不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree，begin，decide，expect，forget，hope， learn，like，seem，start，try，want，wish （2）有些疑问代词常与不定式连用作宾语。

I don’t know what to do.

Please show us how to do that. Have you decided when to leave?

Nobody could tell me where to get the book.

（3）had better，why not等要省去to的不定式。 （4）当不定式作宾语，宾语后面还有补足语时通产管用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语（不 定式）放在句末。

I found it difficult to learn French.

3.不定式作定语

（1）不定式作定语，通常放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后。

He has too many things to do.

（2）不定式作定语，如果该不定式时一个动词短语，则要加上必要的介词。

She is a very nice person to work with.

4.不定式作宾语补足语

I want you to speak to Tom. She asked me to call again.

（1）能跟带to的不定式作宾补的常见动词有：ask，tell，want，invite，order等。

（2）在某些及物动词的复合宾语中，动词不定式须省掉to。这些动词有：make，let，see，watch，hear等，在help后面的复合宾语中，不定式可带to，也可不带to。

I heard him talk about the film in English.

5.不定式作状语 （1）表示目的

Can you come to fly my model plane with me now?

（2）表示结果

My little sister is too young to go to school.

（3）表示原因

I’m glad to meet you.