英语就近原则归纳

也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。e.g.

①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.

①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】

谓语动词与前面主语一致

代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;like

E.G：He rather than I is right.

Nobody but two students is in the classroom.

The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.

主谓一致

1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数

Reading and writing are very important.

注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.

典型例题

The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The

League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

与后接名词或代词保持一致