第25卷第3期

2005年3月生　　态　　学　　报ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVol.25,No.3Mar.,2005

重金属污染生态学研究现状与展望

王宏镔1,2,束文圣1,蓝崇钰13

(1.中山大学生命科学学院,广州　510275;2.昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明　650093)

摘要:重金属污染生态学的研究迄今已有近50a的历史,在土壤重金属元素背景值和环境标准的制定、重金属在环境中的迁移转化、重金属污染治理、元素分析测定方法和规范、对生物体的毒性及生物体的响应等方面取得了很多研究成果,出版了很多专著。在对重金属污染生态学研究进行简要回顾的基础上,以重金属在生物体内的行为特征(吸收、迁移、富集、毒害、解毒和抗性等)为主线,从微观和宏观水平,系统综述了目前该领域的研究现状,分析了尚存在的一些问题,最后从生物对重金属污染适应的分子机理、治理方法和技术的创新性、复合污染下环境标准制定的科学化以及重金属污染条件下全球生物进化的趋势预测等方面作了研究展望。

关键词:重金属;污染生态学;根际;复合污染;适应

Ecologyforheavymetalpollution:recentadvancesandfutureprospectsWANGHong2Bin1,2,SHUWen2Sheng1,LANChong2Yu1　(1.SchoolofLifeSciences,SunYat2sen(Zhongshan)University,Guangzhou510275,China;2.SchoolofEnvironmentalSciencesandEngineering,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,

～605.Kunming650093,China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2005,25(3):596

.Heavymetals,asoneofAbstract:Studiesoftheecologyforheavymetalpollutionhavesignificantlyadvancedsincethe1950s

importantpollutantsintheenvironment,arewidelyresearchedinthefieldofpollutionecologyorecologyforenvironmentalprotection,whichismorepopularlyusedabroad.Manyachievementshaveprovidedimprovedknowledgeofmetalmobilityinecologicalsystemsandinthecontextofenvironmentalprotection.Wenowhaveimprovedunderstandingofbackgroundsoilconcentrations,protocols,guidelines,monitoringandtoxicitythathaveledtoresearchanddemonstrationprojectsconcernedwithremediationofheavymetalcontaminatedsites.Atthesametime,manyworksrelatedtothisresearchfieldhavealsobeenwidelypublished.InChina,thereisafocusforthisresearcheffortatmanyuniversitiesandresearchinstitutes,includingtheDepartmentofBiologyatYunnanUniversity(Kunming),theInstituteofEnvironmentalScienceatBeijingNormalUniversity(Beijing),theinstituteofAppliedEcologyattheChineseAcademyofSciences(Shenyang),theinstituteofSoilScienceattheChineseAcademyofSciences(Nanjing),theResearchCenterforEco2EnvironmentalSciencesattheChineseAcademyofSciences(Beijing)andsoon.

Thispaperbrieflyreviewsprogressandcurrentresearchonmodelingofheavymetalmobilityinsoilsandbiota,fromthemolecularleveltotheecosystemscale.Emphasisisgiventorecentadvancesthathaveimprovedknowledgeofabsorption,基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170178,30100024);国家“863”资助项目(2001AA64501023);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20020558044)

收稿日期:2003210211;修订日期:2004205220

作者简介:王宏镔(1974～),男,云南大理人,博士生,讲师,从事污染生态学、生态工程学和恢复生态学研究。E2mail:wanghb74@163.com3通讯作者Authorforcorrespondence.E2mail:ls04@zsu.edu.cn

致谢:本文承蒙云南大学生命科学学院生态学与环境科学系王焕校、段昌群教授以及中山大学环境科学与工程学院陈桂珠教授的悉心指教,英国利物浦约翰莫尔斯大学(LiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity)生物与地球科学学院的NicholasM.Dickinson教授协助撰写英文摘要,在此一并表示最衷心的感谢

Foundationitem:NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.30170178,30100024),the“863”Grant(No.2001AA64501023)andtheSpecializedResearchFundfortheDoctoralProgramofHigherEducation(No.20020558044)

Receiveddate:2003210211;Accepteddate:2004205220

Biography:WANGHong2Bin,Ph.D.candidate,Lecturer,mainlyengagedinpollutionecologyecologicalengineeringandrestorationecology.E2mail:wanghb74@163.com