VORTEX-TUNNEL SPILLWAYS AND HYDRAULIC

OPERATING CONDITIONS

M. A. Galant, B. A. Zhivotovskii,V. B. Rodionov,and N. N. Rozanova

Executive Summary

Spillway tunnel is widely used in high-pressure hydraulic engineering. Therefore, this type of spillway this study is an important and urgent task to help in the use of these types of hydraulic construction of spillway can help develop the best and reliable spillway structure. This is confirmed by vortex spillway tunnel in the design of a pressure fluctuation and intensity of turbulent energy dissipation process

Keywords: vortex spillway energy dissipation

Tunnel spillways are widely used in medium- and high-pressure hydraulic works. It is therefore an important and pressing task to improve the constructions used in these types of spillways and to develop optimal and reliable spillway structures.With this in mind, we would like to turn the reader's attention to essentially novel (i.e., in terms of configuration and operating conditions) vortex spillways which utilize vortex-type flows. On the one hand, these types of spillways make possible large-scale dissipation of the kinetic energy of the flow on the initial leg of the tailrace segment, and, as aconsequence, flow rates of slightly vortex-type and axial flows through the subsequent legs that do not produce cavitation damage. On the other hand, the dangerous effect of high flow rates on the streamlined surface decreases over the length of the initial tailrace leg as a consequence of the increased pressure on the wall caused by the effect of centrifugal forces. A number of structural studies of tunnel spillways for hydraulic works such as the Rogunskii, Teri, Tel'mamskii, and Tupolangskii hydraulic works based on different operating principles have now been completed. These constructions may be divided into the following basic groups: - vortex-type (or so-called single-vortex type) spillways with smooth dissipation of the flow energy throughout the length of the tunnel when L r > (60 -- 80)hT or (60 -- 80)dT (where dT and hT are the diameter and height of the tunnel), while the cross-section of the tunnel is either circular or near-circular throughout its length. - vortex-type spillways with increasingly greater dissipation of the energy of the vortex-type flow over a shorter length