2013美国赛 MCM-ICM 英语原文+翻译

2013 MCM Problems

PROBLEM A: The Ultimate Brownie Pan

When baking in a rectangular(矩形的) pan heat is concentrated(集中) in the 4 corners and the product gets overcooked(焙烧过度) at the corners (and to a lesser extent(较小程度上) at the edges). In a round(圆) pan the heat is distributed evenly(均匀的) over the entire outer edge and the product is not overcooked at the edges. However, since most ovens(烤箱) are rectangular in shape using round pans is not efficient(高效) with respect to(关于) using the space in an oven. Develop a model to show the distribution(分布规律) of heat across the outer edge of a pan for pans of different shapes - rectangular to circular(圆形) and other shapes in between.

Assume

1. A width to length ratio(···比) of W/L for the oven which is rectangular in shape.

2. Each pan must have an area of A.

3. Initially two racks in the oven, evenly spaced(均匀分布).

Develop a model that can be used to select the best type of pan (shape) under the following conditions(条件):

1. Maximize number of pans(平底锅) that can fit in the oven (N)

2. Maximize even distribution (均匀分布)of heat (H) for the pan

3. Optimize(最优化) a combination of (···的综合)conditions (1) and (2) where weights p and (1- p) are assigned to(被分配···) illustrate(阐明) how the results vary with different values of W/L and p.

In addition to your MCM formatted solution, prepare a one to two page advertising sheet for the new Brownie Gourmet Magazine highlighting(使··突显出来) your design and results.

在矩形烤盘烘焙的时候,热量会被集中到4个角,食物会被烘焙过度(热量较小程度上在边缘)。在用圆形烤盘烘焙的时候,热量会被均匀的分布到外边缘上,食物也不会被烘焙过度。

然而,大多数的烤箱的外形是矩形的,考虑到烤盘在烤箱中的形状用圆形烤盘并不是最有效率的。

设计一个模型来展示不同形状烤盘外边缘的热分布——矩形到圆形或介于两者之间的其他形状。

假定:

烤箱的宽度和长度比W/L作为矩形烤箱的形状;

每个烤盘的面积都是A;

初始条件,每个烤箱有两层,均匀隔开。

在下面的条件下,设计一个模型来选择烤箱的最优形状:

在烤箱中最大化烤盘的数量;

为每个烤盘最大化均匀分布的热;

优化的组合的条件(1)和(2)式中的权重p和(1 - p)被分配的结果来说明如何与W / L 和 p

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