关系代词引导的定语从句

一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。

如：

代替人 代替物 代替人或物

主语 who which that

宾语 whom／who which that

定语 whose（＝of whom） whose（＝of which）

1.This is the detective who came from London.

2.The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.

3. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

4. This is the room that／which Shakespeare was born in.

二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点：

1．如果先行词是all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。

例如：

All that are present burst into tears.

2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that， 不用which。

例如：

The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.

3．which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与and this相似。

例如：

He succeeded in the competition， which made his parents very happy.

4．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。

例如：

The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.

5．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。此结构中的介词可以是in， on， about， from， for， with， to， at， of， without等，关系代词常常只可用whom或which，不可用that。

例如：

The room in which there is a machine is a workshop